WELCOME TO
Tanzania
TANZANIA AT A GLANCE
Tanzania – Home of the Great Migration
Tanzania is the largest country in East Africa and includes the islands of Zanzibar, Pemba and Mafia. Its landscapes range from vast savannah plains and volcanic highlands to the warm turquoise waters of the Indian Ocean.
Globally recognised for the Serengeti ecosystem and the Great Wildebeest Migration, Tanzania delivers one of the most powerful wildlife spectacles on earth. The Serengeti supports immense herds of grazers and one of the highest concentrations of predators in Africa, creating exceptional game viewing throughout the year.
Beyond the Serengeti, the northern circuit includes Ngorongoro Crater, Tarangire National Park and Lake Manyara National Park. Further south, Nyerere National Park and Ruaha National Park offer remote, low-density safari experiences for travellers seeking space and exclusivity.
Weather patterns are generally predictable. The dry season from July through October provides prime wildlife viewing conditions. January and February are known for calving season in the southern Serengeti, while April and May bring heavier rains and fewer visitors.
WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Why visit Tanzania
Tanzania protects an extraordinary proportion of its land under conservation. Its safari circuit is structured, wildlife-rich and logistically efficient, making it ideal for travellers who want scale, diversity and consistent big game viewing within one country.
Tanzania key facts
Tanzania lies along the Indian Ocean coastline and borders Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak in Africa. The country is also framed by three major lakes: Lake Victoria in the north, Lake Tanganyika in the west and Lake Nyasa in the south-west.
POPULATION SIZE
61.5 million
CURRENCY
Tanzanian shilling (TZS)
GEOGRAPHICAL SIZE
947,300 km²
LANGUAGE
Kiswahili & English
Coastal forest
Coastal forest The Indian Ocean coastline supports coral reefs, mangrove systems and tropical forest habitats. Zanzibar and surrounding islands are known for endemic plant species and marine biodiversity.
Savannah plains
Savannah plains Northern Tanzania is dominated by open grasslands. The Serengeti plains form the core of the Great Migration and sustain millions of wildebeest, zebra and gazelle through seasonal rainfall cycles.
Mountains
Mountains Mount Kilimanjaro is Africa’s highest mountain and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its slopes transition through farmland, rainforest, alpine heath and glacial summit zones.
Blue wildebeest
Blue wildebeest More than a million wildebeest move annually across the Serengeti ecosystem in search of grazing and water, shaping predator movement and safari timing.
Cheetah
Cheetah Cheetahs are commonly seen in the eastern Serengeti and short-grass plains, particularly during calving season when prey density increases.
Lion
Lions are among the most frequently sighted predators in the Serengeti ecosystem. Large prides patrol open plains and river systems, particularly during migration season when prey density increases. Tanzania supports one of the highest lion populations in Africa.
Elephant
Elephant Elephants are widely distributed across northern Tanzania, especially in Tarangire and the Serengeti. Together with rhino, leopard, buffalo and lion, the Big Five can be sighted within the Serengeti–Ngorongoro ecosystem.
Tanzania weather
Dry season July to October Wildlife concentrates around permanent water sources and vegetation becomes thinner, improving visibility. River crossings in northern Serengeti typically occur during this period.
Transition season November to February Short rains refresh the plains. January and February mark calving season in southern Serengeti.
Green season March to June Long rains fall mainly in April and May. Landscapes become lush and visitor numbers decrease. Some camps close temporarily during peak rainfall.
DRY SEASON
July to October
TRANSITION SEASON
November to February
GREEN SEASON
March to June
Best time to go
* Great Serengeti Migration
Tanzania’s safari destinations
Tanzania’s safari circuit centres around the Serengeti National Park, where the Great Migration takes place. However, several other national parks within the northern circuit provide a comprehensive safari experience. The abundance of wildlife is consistently strong, while the Indian Ocean islands of Zanzibar allow for a balanced bush and beach itinerary.
The Great Migration - Serengeti National Park
Serengeti National Park forms the foundation of any Tanzania safari. Covering nearly 15,000 square kilometres, it anchors the wider Serengeti–Mara ecosystem and supports one of the largest remaining wildlife migrations on earth.
From January to March, the southern short-grass plains around Ndutu and the southern Serengeti host calving season. Hundreds of thousands of wildebeest give birth within a concentrated period. This attracts high predator activity, particularly lion, hyena and cheetah. The open terrain allows for excellent visibility and dramatic hunting encounters.
As rainfall patterns shift, the herds begin moving north and west between April and June. By July, many reach the northern Serengeti where the Mara River crossings typically occur. These crossings, often between July and September, are unpredictable and shaped by river levels and herd pressure. Positioning camps correctly during this period is essential for maximising viewing opportunities.
Outside migration months, the Serengeti remains a premier year-round safari destination. Resident lion prides occupy territories around kopjes and river systems. Leopards are frequently found along the Seronera River valley. Cheetahs favour the eastern plains. Elephant and buffalo herds move through wooded areas and permanent water sources.
The Serengeti offers a range of accommodation from mobile migration camps that follow herd movements to permanent luxury lodges in prime wildlife corridors. Correct seasonal planning determines which region of the park delivers the strongest experience at any given time.
The World’s Largest Intact & Unfilled Volcanic Caldera – The Ngorongoro Crater
The Ngorongoro Crater is a defining feature of northern Tanzania. Formed when a massive volcano collapsed in on itself millions of years ago, the crater measures roughly 20 kilometres across and descends approximately 600 metres to the crater floor.
This natural enclosure supports a dense and relatively stable wildlife population. Unlike migratory systems, many species remain within the crater year-round due to reliable water sources and fertile grazing land. As a result, wildlife viewing is consistently strong.
The crater floor hosts lion prides, large buffalo herds, spotted hyena, zebra and wildebeest. It is also one of the more reliable locations in East Africa to see endangered black rhino, though sightings are never guaranteed. Mature bull elephants with significant tusks are occasionally encountered in the forested areas.
Habitats within the crater vary from open grassland and seasonal swamps to the alkaline Lake Magadi, which attracts flamingos and other water birds. A typical crater visit involves an early descent and several hours exploring the floor before ascending to the rim in the afternoon.
Ngorongoro is often combined with Serengeti and Tarangire within a northern circuit itinerary, adding geological diversity and concentrated wildlife viewing to the broader safari experience.
The Highest Mountain in Africa - Mt. Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro rises to 5,895 metres above sea level and stands as the highest mountain on the African continent. Its snow-capped summit contrasts sharply with the surrounding plains, creating one of Africa’s most recognisable landscapes.
Unlike many high-altitude peaks, Kilimanjaro does not require technical mountaineering skills. Several established routes, including Machame, Lemosho and Marangu, allow trekkers to ascend over five to nine days. The key factor for success is acclimatisation and proper pacing rather than climbing technique.
During ascent, climbers pass through multiple ecological zones. Lower slopes begin in cultivated farmland before transitioning into montane rainforest. Higher elevations move into moorland, alpine desert and finally glacial summit terrain.
Kilimanjaro can be incorporated into a broader Tanzania safari itinerary or undertaken as a standalone trekking experience. It appeals to travellers seeking a physical challenge alongside wildlife exploration.
The Paradise Island – Zanzibar
Zanzibar lies just off Tanzania’s coastline and provides a distinct shift in pace following a mainland safari. The island combines historical depth with relaxed coastal landscapes.
Stone Town, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, reflects centuries of Swahili, Arab and European influence. Narrow alleyways, carved wooden doors and historic architecture provide cultural context beyond the beach experience.
Along the northeast and southeast coasts, white sand beaches and clear Indian Ocean waters create ideal conditions for relaxation. Coral reefs support snorkelling and diving, while traditional dhow sailing excursions offer a slower exploration of the coastline.
Zanzibar works particularly well as a post-safari extension. After days of early game drives and wildlife tracking, the island offers a quieter environment to conclude a Tanzania safari while maintaining a high standard of accommodation and service.
Tanzania Journeys
FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS
GENERAL
What animals can I see in Tanzania?
Tanzania has the largest animal population density of any country in the world. Animals native to Tanzania include cheetah, lion, wildebeest, gazelle, ostrich, elephant, leopard, jackal, hyena and giraffe, and over 1,100 different bird species. Tanzania also has the highest number of predators in Africa.
Where is Tanzania located?
Tanzania is located east of Africa’s Great Lakes, north of Mozambique and south of Kenya. It’s coastline runs along the Indian Ocean.
How many national parks are there in Tanzania?
Almost 40% of the country is protected through wildlife reserves, conservation areas and marine conservation areas. Tanzania has 17 national parks that cover more than 16,000 square miles. Our Wilderness teams can arrange accommodation in beautiful safari camps situated in the country’s most sought-after wildlife areas.
What can I do in Tanzania besides going on safari?
There is much to do in Tanzania. A visit to Zanzibar’s golden beaches with a dhow cruise on the warm Indian Ocean is a must. Discover the rich culture of Tanzania by visiting Stone Town, the famous spice market and enjoy eating delicious local food. Explore the bustling city of Dar es Salaam. Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is many people’s most aspirational African adventure.
What should I wear on a Tanzanian safari?
Tanzania is generally warm but can get cooler in winter, particularly on early morning and late evening game drives. Pack a rain jacket, and warmer clothing for winter, with light clothing for summer. Bright colours and white are not recommended for a safari, with khaki-coloured clothing generally recommended for travel in the African wilderness.
Where do I fly into Tanzania for a safari?
If you are travelling to Tanzania’s popular northern safari circuit you will land at Kilimanjaro International Airport. Tanzania’s main airport is Julius Nyerere International Airport, in Dar es Salaam.
What is Tanzania’s national animal?
The graceful giraffe is Tanzania’s national animal.
VISAS
Do I need a visa to visit Tanzania?
Yes, travellers from most countries need a visa to travel to Tanzania. A single entry e-visa can be obtained online before travelling.
VACCINATIONS
What vaccines do I need to visit Tanzania?
Always chat to your travel clinic or doctor before travelling to Tanzania. As a guide, tetanus, typhoid, hepatitis A, diphtheria and polio vaccinations are recommended. You will also need to show your yellow fever vaccination card.
Is Tanzania malaria free?
No. Over 93% of the population in mainland Tanzania live in malaria transmission areas. We advise all our guests to chat to their physician about the best anti-malaria medicine to take. Please note, many anti-malaria tablets need to be taken a few weeks before departure.
What is the COVID protocol for travelling to Tanzania?
We address all concerns surrounding COVID in line with the latest recommendations from the World Health Organization and other leading authorities. Please speak to your Travel Designer for the latest travel advisory updates, to ensure that you are prepared for all COVID travel requirements in Tanzania before your departure.
Do I need to show proof of COVID vaccination when arriving in Tanzania?
Travellers do not currently need a vaccine to enter Tanzania. Also, COVID vaccination passports or certificates are not mandatory to enter the country.
What is the COVID protocol for travelling to Kenya?
We address all concerns surrounding COVID in line with the latest recommendations from the World Health Organization and other leading authorities. Please speak to your Travel Designer for the latest travel advisory updates, to ensure that you are prepared for all COVID travel requirements in Kenya before your departure.
Do I need a yellow fever vaccination to visit Kenya?
Kenya is part of Africa’s yellow fever endemic zone, and while it’s not compulsory to be vaccinated, please consult with your health care practitioner regarding whether a yellow fever vaccine is advised.
Is there Malaria in Kenya?
Yes, malaria is present in the coastal region and areas below 1 800 metres (5 900 feet) above sea level. Check with your health care provider in advance, as some courses of medication may need to be started before you travel to Kenya.
TIPPING POLICY IN EAST AFRICA
- Tipping practices in East Africa can vary depending on the country and the specific service you receive and how appreciate.
- Tipping is not mandatory but is appreciated for good service.
- In restaurants, a service charge may already be included in the bill. If not, a tip of 10-15% of the total bill is customary.
- For hotel staff, such as porters or room service, a tip of around $1-2 per service is typical.
- For safari guides and drivers, tipping is recommended for good services. The amount varies depending on the length of the safari and level of satisfaction, but a guideline is around $10-20 per person per day.
- It’s important to note that these are general guidelines, and tipping practices can vary. It’s always a good idea to consider the level of service you received and your own satisfaction when deciding whether and how much to tip. Additionally, some upscale establishments may have different expectations for tipping.
- It’s recommended to carry small bills in the local currency to facilitate tipping, as it may not always be easy to obtain change for larger bills in upcountry restaurants and lodges.
LET’S PLAN YOUR NEXT JOURNEY
We tailor each journey around seasonality, comfort and wildlife priorities.